Two months on from the outbreak of conflict in the Middle East and the effective closure of the Strait of Hormuz, a vital corridor for global energy flows, shocks have rippled through economies worldwide.
In 2025, Yemen’s displacement crisis continued to deepen rather than stabilize, layered on top of a decade-long emergency that has eroded services, livelihoods, and coping capacity. For millions of families, displacement was not a temporary disruption, but an ongoing reality shaped by rising poverty and weakened systems.
At the crossroads of Africa and Europe, Tunisia is exposed to complex movement patterns involving refugees and migrants along the central Mediterranean route.
As of the end of December 2025, South Sudan hosts 605,062 refugees and asylum-seekers across 161,400 households, settled in 29 locations nationwide. This includes 601,814 registered refugees and 3,248 asylum-seekers.
After more than a decade of conflict, Yemen remains one of the world’s most complex and protracted humanitarian crises. The country continues to face the compounded impacts of conflict, climate change, economic collapse, and the near-total breakdown of public services and institutions.
Hurricane Melissa, one of the most powerful storms ever recorded in the Atlantic, hit southwestern Jamaica on 28 October as a Category 5 system—the worst hurricane to hit the area since 1988—before crossing into eastern Cuba as a Category 3 the following day.
UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency, resumed its Assisted Spontaneous Return (ASR) programme for Somali refugees in Yemen. On 7 October, 70 refugees departed by sea from Aden to Berbera, and today the first UNHCR-supported flight transported 148 returnees to Mogadishu, Somalia.
Since January 3, 2025, Erigavo Regional Hospital in the Sanaag region of northeastern Somaliland has reported ve cases of visceral leishmaniasis, also known as Kala-azar, a disease not historically prevalent in the area.
More than 2,000 people have been displaced following the armed attack carried out on 18 September by members of armed groups against the commune of Bassin-Bleu, in the Nord-Ouest department, according to the Departmental Directorate of Civil Protection.
During the night of 16–17 September 2025, heavy rains fell across most communes of the Nord-Ouest department, causing the Trois-Rivières River in Port-de-Paix to overflow suddenly. The floods resulted in extensive inundations across several neighborhoods in Port-de-Paix and Bassin-Bleu.
UNHCR and the Commission for Refugees (COR) have responded to referrals of 312 individuals who had been in captivity on average between 5 to 9 months. They have all been accommodated in asylum reception centers for further legal screening and needs assessment.
In collaboration with the Departmental Directorate of Civil Protection-Artibonite (DDPC-A), as of 19 July, IOM reported 14,885 displaced persons (3,425 households) across the communes of Dessalines (11,857 IDPs), Saint-Michel (1,757 IDPs), Gonaïves (225 IDPs), and Verrettes (941 IDPs). All displaced people are currently staying with host families.
The number of internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Haiti reached an all-time high, with nearly 1.3 million displaced as of 10 June, according to IOM’s latest Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM).
Approximately 14,885 people (3,425 households) have been displaced following armed attacks on 16 July 2025 in the communes of Dessalines (1st communal section of Villars) and Verrettes (1st communal section of Liancourt), in the Artibonite department.
Escalated armed clashes in Moqokori town, Hiraan region, have displaced at least 1,130 households (at least 6,780 people) to villages in the Buloburto, Jalalaqsi, and Mahas districts.
Yemen remains one of the world’s most acute and complex humanitarian crises. In 2025, protracted conflict, economic decline, and extreme weather driven by climate change have left more than 19.5 million people in need of humanitarian assistance.
On the morning of Thursday, 3 July 2025, the security situation deteriorated in the Lascahobas area due to attacks orchestrated by armed groups. This escalation of violence has intensified the humanitarian crisis in the Centre Department, particularly in the Lower Plateau region.
UNOCHA reports that over 9.3 million children are expected to suffer from high levels of acute malnutrition between June 2024 and May 2025 in Burundi, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan and Uganda.
Insecurity Insight identified at least 896 incidents that took place at IDP/refugee camps in 19 countries and one territory between January and April 2025. Camps came under attack through raids and bombings, with residents arrested, injured, killed, or subjected to sexual violence. Most incidents were reported from the occupied Palestinian territory.
