The human rights situation in the Syrian Arab Republic has deteriorated significantly since November 2011, causing further suffering to the Syrian people. Widespread violence and increasingly aggravated socio-economic conditions have left many communities in a perilous state.
The report assesses the progress made in the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) based on new national data which was formulated after the first MDGR that was published in 2003.
This paper examines the impact of a rise in the Value Added Tax (VAT) on poverty and inequality in Lebanon. It develops an empirical model based on consumer demand theory and uses only household survey data on expenditures and spatial price indexes.
Most theorists maintain that social exclusion is a process, not only the condition reflecting the outcome of that process. Yet few, if any, people ever reach the ultimate end of the imagined trajectory.
