SURVEY on Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices in Tdh areas of intervention

TERMS OF REFERENCE

Promoting an Enhanced and Sustainable Protective Environment for Children in Lebanon

SURVEY on Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices in Tdh areas of intervention

• CONTEXT AND RATIONAL FOR ACTIVITY

As the security situation inside Syria remains unstable and complex, patterns of displacement remain, increasing the protection needs of vulnerable refugees in countries of asylum. Neighboring countries such as Turkey and Lebanon continue to host large numbers of refugees, with Lebanon hosting the highest refugee per capita ratio at 169 refugees per 1’000 national inhabitants. As of October 2017, Lebanon Crisis Response Plan (LCRP) reports that there are 1.5 million registered displaced Syrians in Lebanon. This account excludes undocumented Syrian refugees and the 257,400 Palestinians that are also currently living in Lebanon. Due to these domestic pressures, though initially welcoming, Lebanon is now struggling to offer basic services to the refugee population whilst maintaining and responding to the needs of local communities. Experiencing the compounding effects of their protracted displacement, Syrian refugees are sinking deeper into debt and resorting more regularly to negative coping mechanisms.

Children and youth, who represent 54% of the refugee population, are the most affected by this predicament as their responsibility to contribute to household income grows. They are subjected to forms of child labor, begging, petty crimes, drug use, and harmful practices such as early marriage.

Clearly, protection needs are on the rise and there is a necessity to have an adapted and tailored response to the context of this protracted emergency.

Active in Lebanon for almost forty years, Terre des hommes Lausanne (Tdh) is the major child protection (CP) agency in the South Lebanon and a key CP stakeholder in South Beirut/Mount Lebanon. By a three-pronged approach - response, prevention and capacity building – Tdh supported by the Swiss Cooperation for Development- SDC, proposes a comprehensive intervention to tackle child protection concerns, such as child labor, early marriage and sexual gender-based violence (SGBV), all of which are on the rise since the beginning of the Syrian crisis.

The proposed project is a second phase to “Protection of the most vulnerable children affected by the Syrian crisis in South Lebanon” that has been implemented by Tdh from January 2015 until December 2017.

The project is currently implemented with 5 local partners and directly targets 3.720 children and 2.434 adults and indirectly 18.462 children and adults. It’s implemented in the South and in Beirut/Mount Lebanon.

The first phase of the project can be said to be strongly relevant and much needed. Children’s protection including needs for PSS and case management continue to prevail especially in a context where child protection has traditionally fallen under family responsibility and not necessarily that of the state.  Despite all this, children continue to be faced with severe protection risks, which get compounded by the lack (if not absence) of child protection systems including child friendly community based spaces and opportunities to address children’s psychosocial and protection needs. Psychosocial support is a poorly incorporated concept in schools and by teachers in classrooms. For out of School Children (OOSC) and children engaged in worst form of child labour, many remain subject to violence, abuse or neglect. Children’s protection risks and concerns get worsened by lack of caregiver’s positive engagement in protecting their children whether due lack of awareness of CP risks and/or lack of better alternatives, positive coping mechanisms.

This new project phase envisioned for the next 12 months will build upon and scale up the results achieved in the past years. It proposes an intervention which aligns with the evolving context, shifting progressively from an emergency situation to that of a protracted crisis, thus moving towards resilience-based responses which seek to deliver more sustainable solutions to the established needs.

Hence, Tdh intends to respond to the needs of the most vulnerable by a three-pronged approach: response, prevention and capacity building. From Tdh’s long experience in the area, appears clear that in the operating context still there is insufficient awareness, knowledge and utilization of CP services; lack of parenting awareness, including lack of participation in community mobilization

Within this framework, Tdh launches a survey, which will include a quantitative survey on Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices; a qualitative component that will be collected through focus group discussions with key informant; and a desk review. The survey will collect data regarding general knowledge in the intervention community, as well as attitudes and common practices regarding CP and children rights and will enable Tdh to have a better general knowledge of the situation in the areas of intervention, thus to address eventual gaps and needs identified in future programming.

• OBJECTIVE/S of the survey

To establish a baseline for knowledge, attitudes and practices related to protection issues in the areas of intervention, to guide project’s activities and future programming

• SURVEY PROTOCOLE

The survey will be organized through three different research components: a quantitative component, a KAP survey, held on a sampling of direct beneficiaries of the project activities; a qualitative component, coming from focus group discussions with key informant; a desk review.

• KAP SURVEY:

SDC grant: Direct beneficiaries: 3.720 children and 2.434 adults

Children samples: random sampling of 180 children (over 12 yo) and 120 adults, around 5% of direct adult beneficiaries and 5% of the direct children beneficiaries

KAP Data collection:

A team of 1 survey team leader and 6 collectors/data entry will be externally recruited and full time dedicated to the survey implementation (KAP, FGDs and Desk Review).

The team leader will finalize the KAP survey questionnaire and will train and supervise the data collectors.

The survey team will be supported by the program’s staff for finalizing the tools (identification of beneficiaries, suitable areas, possible additional questions, data entry, etc.)

The team will be supported by program’s staff also in the field, to meet beneficiaries, as well as for movements and data collection possible issues.

The KAP team will be provided with the needed IT equipment to be able to maximize efficiency during the time given

KAP Data management and analysis:

The survey team will be responsible for KAP survey data entry and their analysis (including charts and one pager summary). The team leader will produce a final report to describe the procedure; main findings and possible challenges, solutions and gaps

Data will be entered in an excel data base and the material used for the survey will be archived properly and shared with program staff focal point and MEAL manager

• Focus Group Discussions- FGDs:

FGDs will be organized with key informant (municipalities, communities’ leaders, including religious leaders; Palestinian Security Forces-PSF; Social Development Centers-SDC; Tdh local partners), individually or grouped, in both the area of study (South and South Beirut/ML), with at least 2 representatives per group participating to the discussion.

The survey team leader will organize the FGDs and draft the inquiry form that will guide the discussion (based on the KAP survey questions and main areas of enquiry identified).

A facilitator/ notes taker will be recruited to support him during the implementation of the activity.

• Desk Review:

The team leader will proceed to a desk review as comprehensive as possible and will focus on South and South Beirut/Mount Lebanon areas.

Main areas of enquiry:

• General knowledge and beliefs about children need and rights.
• Knowledge of systems and/or practices to report abuse/concerns
• Knowledge/use of existing protection services and/or community mechanisms to address needs child protection.
• Knowledge of existing laws regarding children needs and rights
• Attitudes/beliefs regarding early marriage, child labor, physical or humiliating punishment, etc.

Geographical areas for survey implementation and Tdh focal points:

The survey will be implemented in South Lebanon, South Beirut/ Mount Lebanon (in Bourj el Barajneh, Mar Elias, Chatilya and gatherings) according to beneficiaries’ list (randomly selected) defined in collaboration with program staff

Program focal points: Fatmeh Ardat/Nohad Abdul/Camilla Stecca

MEAL focal point: Rawia Abadi

TU Focal point : Sophie Coelho

Deliverables:

A final KAP survey report, including analysis of data through comparative charts

An excel database with the KAP survey data

A final FGDs report, describing the implementation of the FGs, participants, main challenges, solutions and achievements

A final survey report, which will summarize main findings and conclusions from the KAP survey, FGDs and desk review

• WORK SCHEDULE

The survey will take approximately 2 months:

• 1 week for preparation, including design and finalization of tools.
• 2 weeks for desk review
• 2 weeks to collect data in the field from 300 adults/children beneficiaries of the project and to organize focus group discussions.
• 2-3 weeks for data entry, cleaning, analysis and drafting of the KAP and FGDs reports.
• 1 week for drafting and finalization of the final survey report

SAFEGUARDING CONSIDERATION:

The KAP questionnaire will be proposed only to children over 12 years old and adult parents/caregivers, upon consent.

The confidentiality of data collected will be guarantee by the team: information will not be divulged

In the KAP survey report, results from questionnaires analysis will be anonymous, as well as discussion held in the FGDs.

All participants will sign an informed consent before starting answering to the questions.

• EXPECTED NUMBER OF PARTICIPANTS

Survey team (7 staff); 300 participants to the survey; program staff according to possible need in terms of support to the KAP team. At least 20 participants in FGDs (2 participant per group, a FGD for each area of study)

The Protection area manager, MEAL team and Program coordinator will be solicited when needed.

COMPETENCIES and APPLICATION

• SURVEY TEAM LEADER:

Background in Social Work, Social Science, Research or Information management is highly desirable.

Previous experience in implementation of surveys (preferably KAP survey and FGDs) and data management (data collection, entry, analysis and reporting) is required

Very good reporting skills and knowledge of information management methodologies and Excel

Previous experience in child protection/case management activities desirable

Good managerial skills

Fluency in English and Arabic

Flexibility and strong adaptation skills

• KAP COLLECTOR:

Previous experience in surveys data collection and data entry (preferably KAP survey) is required

Good knowledge of Excel and KOBO or similar applications

Fluency Arabic, knowledge of English is an asset

Flexibility and strong adaptation skills