In 2025, the MENA region faced overlapping crises including conflict, displacement, economic collapse, disease outbreaks, and climate shocks, placing children at risk and disrupting access to services.
Middle East and North Africa offers a comprehensive, evidence-based analysis of one of the world’s most complex and dynamic mobility landscapes where labour migration, protracted displacement, environmental stressors and socioeconomic transitions converge.
There are now million forcibly displaced due to the outbreak of conflict in Sudan since April 2023, including million internally and million in neighbouring countries.
The Tunisian authorities have over the past three years increasingly dismantled protections for refugees, asylum seekers and migrants, particularly Black people, with a dangerous shift towards racist policing and widespread human rights violations that endanger their lives, safety and dignity, Amnesty International said today.
The Sudan crisis has become the world’s largest displacement and protection emergency. Since April 2023, some 14 million people have been forced to flee their homes, of whom nearly 12 million remain displaced —7.3 million within Sudan and over 4.2 million across borders into the Central African Republic, Chad, Egypt, Ethiopia, Libya, South Sudan, and Uganda
In September, the security situation in Darfur and Kordofan States remained highly volatile and unpredictable, marked by intensified military confrontations, drone strikes, aerial bombardments and increasing intercommunal tension, leading to widespread insecurity, civilian displacement and growing humanitarian needs.
Recent developments in Sudan, marked by a reduction in fighting in some areas, have led to a growing number of displaced Sudanese returning from Egypt and Libya via Northern State.
There are now million forcibly displaced due to the outbreak of conflict in Sudan since April 2023, including million internally and million in neighbouring countries.
Since the outbreak of armed conflict in Sudan on 15 April 2023, Africa Region faced a large-scale humanitarian crisis marked by one of the most significant displacement movements in recent years. Millions of people fled the violence, crossing into Chad, Egypt, Ethiopia, South Sudan, and Uganda.
The International Organization for Migration (IOM) on Wednesday facilitated the voluntary return of 152 Syrians in vulnerable situations from Libya to Damascus, marking the first Voluntary Humanitarian Return (VHR) flight to Syria organized by IOM since 2025.
The Sudan crisis has triggered the largest displacement and protection emergency in the world today. Over 14 million people have been forced to flee since April 2023, with 12 million remaining displaced, including over 3.2 million refugees and asylum-seekers who have crossed borders into the Central African Republic, Chad, Egypt, Ethiopia, Libya, South Sudan, and Uganda as of mid-2025.
There are now million forcibly displaced due to the outbreak of conflict in Sudan since April 2023, including million internally and million in neighbouring countries.
There are now 11.9 million forcibly displaced due to the outbreak of conflict in Sudan since April 2023, including 7.5 million internally and 4.1 million in neighbouring countries
There are now 12.0 million forcibly displaced due to the outbreak of conflict in Sudan since April 2023, including 7.7 million internally and 4.1 million in neighbouring countries.
Latest data from IOM’s Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) shows a 13% drop in the number of internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Sudan since January 2025, now standing at 10.1 million.
There are now 12.0 million forcibly displaced due to the outbreak of conflict in Sudan since April 2023, including 7.7 million internally and 4.1 million in neighbouring countries.
The Sudan Mobility Update provides a summary of the total IDP population in Sudan, including those displaced both before and after the onset of the conflict on 15 April 2023.
Due to the worsening humanitarian crisis in Sudan with more than 124 million forcibly displaced, out of which 3.4 million fled into neighbouring countries, the Federation-wide Emergency Appeal was revised, increasing the total funding ask from the initial CHF 42 million to CHF 47.5 million and extending the operation end date to December 2025.
Insecurity Insight identified at least 896 incidents that took place at IDP/refugee camps in 19 countries and one territory between January and April 2025. Camps came under attack through raids and bombings, with residents arrested, injured, killed, or subjected to sexual violence. Most incidents were reported from the occupied Palestinian territory.
WFP is working to scale up assistance in Sudan for 7 million people by mid-year in Sudan. In Libya, in February, WFP distributed food assistance to 4,285 individuals and reached 342 children under five and 125 pregnant and breastfeeding women and girls.
