Syria stands at a pivotal juncture offering new opportunities but facing enduring challenges. While normalization and sanctions relief are underway, more than a decade of conflict has left public systems deeply weakened, demanding sustained international engagement to rebuild institutional and human capacity.
Hurricane Melissa, one of the most powerful storms ever recorded in the Atlantic, hit southwestern Jamaica on 28 October as a Category 5 system—the worst hurricane to hit the area since 1988—before crossing into eastern Cuba as a Category 3 the following day.
A protection catastrophe in Sudan’s Darfur and Kordofan regions is intensifying at an alarming pace as escalating violence drives thousands of families from their homes, many for the second or third time, UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency, warns.
This assessment applies an integrated spatial detection and proximity modelling approach to quantify the impact of floods on critical infrastructure and community services across affected counties.
The humanitarian situation in southern Syria remains unpredictable, with insecurity, displacement, and service disruptions continuing to affect communities across As-Sweida, Dar’a, and Quneitra governorates during the reporting period.
The International Organization for Migration (IOM) Director General Amy Pope warns that extreme insecurity and appalling human rights violations, including mass killings and ethnic and sexual violence in El Fasher, North Darfur, have triggered a dramatic surge in displacement and further worsened the humanitarian crisis.
Supported business-to-business linkages with 40 cooperatives through 15 promotional campaigns; and established a brand and two farmers’ markets, run by the Palestinian Agricultural Cooperatives Union (PACU), where the cooperatives can sell their items directly to West Bank consumers.
A new climate resilience schools programme launched in South Sudan will help more than 200,000 school children to get an education as the country battles repeated floods, droughts and heatwaves, Save the Children said.
Displacement from Al Fasher city and its surroundings continues, with a total of 89,0002 people displaced to date. Between 5 to 8 November 2025 alone, an estimated 7,000 people fled from Al Fasher city to locations including Tawila, Melit, and Saraf Omra in North Darfur.
As the extent of the damage becomes clearer, the impact continues to grow in the provinces of Santiago de Cuba and Granma — the two most severely hit by Hurricane Melissa.
More than 54,000 people remain evacuated, 7,500 of them in state centers.
People in northeast Syria continue to struggle with access to healthcare, water, and food, according to an assessment conducted earlier this year in Al-Hasakah governorate by Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF). MSF staff spoke with more than 150 families from both local communities and internally displaced persons.
The Sudan crisis has become the world’s largest displacement and protection emergency. Since April 2023, some 14 million people have been forced to flee their homes, of whom nearly 12 million remain displaced —7.3 million within Sudan and over 4.2 million across borders into the Central African Republic, Chad, Egypt, Ethiopia, Libya, South Sudan, and Uganda
• One week after Hurricane Melissa passed through, more than 50 communities in the eastern region remain cut off due to flooding and infrastructure damage, according to Civil Defense reports.
The hostilities in the Tartous, Lattakia, Homs, and Hama Governorates of Syria in early March 2025 have forcibly displaced thousands of vulnerable families into the North and Akkar Governorates of North Lebanon.
In North Darfur between 26 October and 2 November, an estimated total over 70,800 individuals have reportedly been displaced from Al Fasher town and surrounding villages.
As of 31 October, flooding has affected an estimated 1,024,500 people in 29 counties across six states, with Jonglei and Unity accounting for nearly 87 per cent of those impacted.
In September, the security situation in Darfur and Kordofan States remained highly volatile and unpredictable, marked by intensified military confrontations, drone strikes, aerial bombardments and increasing intercommunal tension, leading to widespread insecurity, civilian displacement and growing humanitarian needs.
In 2025, UNICEF’s Humanitarian Action for Children (HAC) appeal for Syria requires US$488 million to meet urgent needs of children and families across the country.
South Sudan experiences recurring cholera outbreaks, driven by risk factors such as frequent flooding, displacement due to political instability, limited access to healthcare and inadequate water and sanitation services.
With the winter season approaching, the Lebanon Response Plan (LRP) partners are coordinating interventions to address seasonal needs amid compounding crises. The operating context remains marked by protracted economic decline, a fragile political and security environment, and the continued erosion of household coping capacities across all population groups.
