This report captures the current situation and Islamic Relief’s role within it. Drawing on internal field insights, humanitarian data, and strategic reflections, it lays out a clear call — as the crisis becomes protracted, the response must evolve.
4,823 Sudanese refugee students in Chad sat the Sudanese Baccalaureate examinations, restoring their pathway to certification and future opportunities. Since January, nearly 1.4 million children have benefited from UNICEF-supported education progremmes.
One year since the hostilities escalated in Lebanon on 23 September 2024, the security situation remains volatile. Over 150,000 people remain internally displaced from their villages, struggling with rising rents and economic hardship.
The second dekad of October usually signals the shift from the summer monsoon to a cooler, drier winter—a critical transition as one season ends and the next begins. However, current forecasts raise an agrometeorological concern that continued precipitation in some areas could disrupt crop harvests.
Sudan is facing a worsening cholera outbreak as conflict, displacement, and heavy rains create conditions for the rapid spread of waterborne diseases. The situation is growing increasingly dire as the World Health Organization (WHO) has warned of a “concerning case fatality rate” of 2.8%, nearly three times the emergency threshold, signaling that the cholera outbreak is spiraling beyond control and demanding an immediate scale-up of response efforts.
In September, communities across South Sudan continued to face severe humanitarian challenges, including flooding, food insecurity, violence, displacement, and disease outbreaks. As of 30 September, over 639,000* people were affected by flooding in 26 counties across six states, with Jonglei and Unity worst hit.
This report is produced by Intersector Coordination Group in collaboration with humanitarian partners. It covers the period from 29 September – 10 October. These reports are issued every 14 days with the next report scheduled to be published on 24 October.
Since December 2024, nearly 1.86 million internally displaced persons and over 1 million Syrian refugees have returned to their areas of origin. Many are facing significant challenges due to damaged infrastructure, limited services, and ongoing insecurity.
Since the outbreak of armed conflict in Sudan on 15 April 2023, Africa Region faced a large-scale humanitarian crisis marked by one of the most significant displacement movements in recent years. Millions of people fled the violence, crossing into Chad, Egypt, Ethiopia, South Sudan, and Uganda.
Medical Aid for Palestinians (MAP) welcomes the announcement of the first phase of a ceasefire agreement between Israel and Hamas as a vital and long-overdue step that will bring hope and relief to the more than two million Palestinians who have endured two years of Israel’s escalated bombardment, forced displacement, starvation, and siege.
Insecurity Insight identified 2872 incidents of violence against or obstruction of access to health care in the occupied Palestinian territory between 07 October 2023 and 17 August 2025.
The security situation across southern Syria remains unpredictable, with ongoing incidents contributing to instability in rural areas. Recent weeks have seen localized tensions, including armed clashes, criminal activity, Explosive Ordinance (EO) explosions and disruptions affecting civilian safety and mobility.
Nearly one year since the fall of the Assad-led government, the International Rescue Committee (IRC) opens its national office in Damascus, expanding its presence in Syria. At a time when nearly the entire population is in dire need of humanitarian aid, the historic move enables the IRC to bring vital assistance even closer to the Syrian people, and swiftly respond to urgent needs and support communities across the entire country.
UNRWA operations in Gaza City have faced severe disruptions due to the intensification of Israeli military operations, displacement orders, and the large-scale displacement of personnel and their families. Nevertheless, nearly 1,600 UNRWA personnel continue to provide critical services in the area, including through 11 emergency shelters and one medical point, operating at minimum capacity.
The WFP Lebanon Programme Factsheets provide an overview of WFP's support to vulnerable Lebanese Syrian Refugees, and newly displaced Syrians amid deepening crises.
Overall, markets were found to be least functional in Central Darfur, where 4 out of 6 assessed markets scored less than 50 out of a maximum of 100, and in Kassala, where 2 out of 4 assessed markets scored less than 50.
Khadija tenderly cradles her five-year-old daughter’s head as she walks into Al Ward Primary Health Centre – a modest building that has become a lifeline for families navigating the pressures of Lebanon’s multiple crises.
In collaboration with the Lebanese American University’s Civic Engagement students, Medrar Foundation launched an awareness program titled “Health on a Budget”, aimed at educating communities on how to maintain and improve their health through affordable and practical approaches.
Despite immense challenges, Syria’s path from crisis to recovery remains within reach. Achieving peace and resilience depends on sustained humanitarian support that restores food security and livelihoods, empowering millions to rebuild their lives with hope and dignity.
