Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) was forced to leave Gaza City on 24 September 2025 amid the intensified Israeli offensive. With the start of the ceasefire on October 10, huge numbers of displaced people returned north to Gaza City.
The earthquakes affected most parts of Davao Oriental, Davao de Oro, and the Caraga Region, displacing thousands of families and damaging critical infrastructure, including homes, schools, hospitals, and government facilities.
4,823 Sudanese refugee students in Chad sat the Sudanese Baccalaureate examinations, restoring their pathway to certification and future opportunities. Since January, nearly 1.4 million children have benefited from UNICEF-supported education progremmes.
Sudan is facing a worsening cholera outbreak as conflict, displacement, and heavy rains create conditions for the rapid spread of waterborne diseases. The situation is growing increasingly dire as the World Health Organization (WHO) has warned of a “concerning case fatality rate” of 2.8%, nearly three times the emergency threshold, signaling that the cholera outbreak is spiraling beyond control and demanding an immediate scale-up of response efforts.
This report is produced by Intersector Coordination Group in collaboration with humanitarian partners. It covers the period from 29 September – 10 October. These reports are issued every 14 days with the next report scheduled to be published on 24 October.
Since December 2024, nearly 1.86 million internally displaced persons and over 1 million Syrian refugees have returned to their areas of origin. Many are facing significant challenges due to damaged infrastructure, limited services, and ongoing insecurity.
Since the outbreak of armed conflict in Sudan on 15 April 2023, Africa Region faced a large-scale humanitarian crisis marked by one of the most significant displacement movements in recent years. Millions of people fled the violence, crossing into Chad, Egypt, Ethiopia, South Sudan, and Uganda.
The security situation across southern Syria remains unpredictable, with ongoing incidents contributing to instability in rural areas. Recent weeks have seen localized tensions, including armed clashes, criminal activity, Explosive Ordinance (EO) explosions and disruptions affecting civilian safety and mobility.
UNRWA operations in Gaza City have faced severe disruptions due to the intensification of Israeli military operations, displacement orders, and the large-scale displacement of personnel and their families. Nevertheless, nearly 1,600 UNRWA personnel continue to provide critical services in the area, including through 11 emergency shelters and one medical point, operating at minimum capacity.
Overall, markets were found to be least functional in Central Darfur, where 4 out of 6 assessed markets scored less than 50 out of a maximum of 100, and in Kassala, where 2 out of 4 assessed markets scored less than 50.
As of 1 October, an estimated 639,225 people have been affected by flooding across 26 counties in six states, with Jonglei and Unity accounting for over 88 per cent of the caseload.
Since January 3, 2025, Erigavo Regional Hospital in the Sanaag region of northeastern Somaliland has reported ve cases of visceral leishmaniasis, also known as Kala-azar, a disease not historically prevalent in the area.
This report summarizes key findings and protection risks identified through Protection Monitoring (PM) of the situation of Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) and returning IDPs, covering the period post-ceasefire, from 1 February to 30 June 2025.
Since the start of the conflict, some 164,000 people have sought refuge in neighboring countries, including an estimated 33,000 in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), 35,000 in Ethiopia, 70,000 in Sudan, and 26,000 in Uganda.
Flooding continues to impact communities and heighten protection risks across South Sudan, particularly for children. As of 25 September, an estimated 592,686 people have been affected by flooding across 25 counties in six states, with Jonglei and Unity accounting for more than 87 per cent of the total.
Civilians in El Fasher are enduring relentless attacks, acute hunger and cholera, underscoring the urgent need for an immediate cessation of hostilities, protection and safe humanitarian access.
The Sudan crisis has triggered the largest displacement and protection emergency in the world today. Over 14 million people have been forced to flee since April 2023, with 12 million remaining displaced, including over 3.2 million refugees and asylum-seekers who have crossed borders into the Central African Republic, Chad, Egypt, Ethiopia, Libya, South Sudan, and Uganda as of mid-2025.
This factsheet highlights UNHCR Yemen’s Quick Impact Projects (QIPs) in 2025—small-scale, community-driven initiatives that promote social cohesion and self-reliance. In 2024, over 100 QIPs were implemented, including school rehabilitation, health center upgrades, flood mitigation, and vocational training.
Since the beginning of September compared to last month, the number of cases has doubled to above 400 patients at Abs General Hospital in Hajjah governorate, while at Al Qanawis Hospital, Hodeida reported a weekly average of more than 21 patients which is a 50 per cent increase in cases, many of them are children under five years of age.
